{"id":11770,"date":"2019-03-15T08:38:02","date_gmt":"2019-03-15T08:38:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.mekongmigration.org\/?p=11770"},"modified":"2023-12-11T12:34:16","modified_gmt":"2023-12-11T04:34:16","slug":"permanently-temporary-examining-the-impact-of-social-exclusion-on-mekong-migrants-2016","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/?p=11770","title":{"rendered":"Permanently Temporary: Examining the Impact of Social Exclusion on Mekong Migrants (2015)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-622 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Permanently-Temporary-Eng-mmn-printed-version-212x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"290\" height=\"411\" srcset=\"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Permanently-Temporary-Eng-mmn-printed-version-212x300.jpg 212w, https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Permanently-Temporary-Eng-mmn-printed-version-724x1024.jpg 724w, https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Permanently-Temporary-Eng-mmn-printed-version-768x1087.jpg 768w, https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Permanently-Temporary-Eng-mmn-printed-version-1086x1536.jpg 1086w, https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Permanently-Temporary-Eng-mmn-printed-version.jpg 1239w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 290px) 100vw, 290px\" \/><em>Scroll down for Burmese (\u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1018\u102c\u101e\u102c\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1021\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1006\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u102b)<\/em><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Migrant workers make a significant contribution to the socio-economic development of the Mekong Subregion and beyond. However, despite the crucial role migrants play in the functioning of the economy, governments of popular destination countries in Asia appear content to formulate policies based on the notion that migration is a purely temporary phenomenon. How long is temporary? How long is it acceptable for migrants to be treated as permanent outsiders in the place where they have made their home?<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This advocacy paper seeks to respond to these questions by unpacking the causes and impact of social exclusion on migrants in destination countries Thailand and Japan, and on migrant returnees in source countries Myanmar and Cambodia. It also aims to contribute a set of policy recommendations directed at each government that may lead to greater social inclusion for migrants and their families. It is hoped that this paper will help generate broader discussion on what needs to change so that we can go beyond \u201ctolerance\u201d and embrace the friendship and contributions migrants bring to society.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Download the <a href=\"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/Permanently-Temporary-Eng-mmn-printed-version.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">English version,\u00a0<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/Advocacy-Paper_KHMER-18Oct16.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Khmer version <\/a>and <a href=\"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/Book-Permanently-burmese-mmn.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Burmese version<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u1021\u1019\u103c\u1032\u1010\u1019\u103a\u1038 \u101a\u102c\u101a\u102e\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1014\u1031\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 &#8211; \u1019\u1032\u1001\u1031\u102b\u1004\u103a\u1012\u1031\u101e\u101b\u103d\u103e\u1031\u1037\u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1014\u1031\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a \u101c\u1030\u1019\u103e\u102f\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u102c \u1015\u102b\u101d\u1004\u103a\u1001\u103d\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1021\u1000\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101e\u1000\u103a\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u102c\u1038 \u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1005\u1005\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u1019\u1032\u1001\u1031\u102b\u1004\u103a\u101b\u103d\u103e\u1031\u1037\u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u101c\u102c\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u102c\u1000\u103d\u1014\u103a\u101a\u1000\u103a (MMN) \u1019\u103e \u201c\u1021\u1019\u103c\u1032\u1010\u1019\u103a\u1038 \u101a\u102c\u101a\u102e\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1014\u1031\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 &#8211; \u1019\u1032\u1001\u1031\u102b\u1004\u103a\u1012\u1031\u101e \u101b\u103d\u103e\u1031\u1037\u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1014\u1031\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a \u101c\u1030\u1019\u103e\u102f\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u102c \u1015\u102b\u101d\u1004\u103a\u1001\u103d\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1021\u1000\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101e\u1000\u103a\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u102c\u1038 \u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1005\u1005\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u201d \u1021\u1019\u100a\u103a\u101b\u103e\u102d \u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u101b\u102f\u1036\u1038\u101c\u103e\u102f\u1036\u1037\u1006\u1031\u102c\u103a \u1019\u103e\u102f\u1005\u102c\u1010\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u1004\u103a\u1006\u1000\u103a\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n<p>\u1019\u101f\u102c\u1019\u1032\u1001\u1031\u102b\u1004\u103a\u1012\u1031\u101e\u1001\u103d\u1032\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1011\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1011\u1000\u103a\u1000\u103b\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101c\u103d\u1014\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1012\u1031\u101e\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104f\u101c\u1030\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1005\u102e\u1038\u1015\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1016\u103d\u1036\u1037\u1016\u103c\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1010\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u101b\u103d\u103e\u1031\u1037\u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101e\u1019\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000 \u101e\u102d\u101e\u102c\u1011\u1004\u103a\u101b\u103e\u102c\u1038\u1005\u103d\u102c \u1015\u102b\u101d\u1004\u103a\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u101b\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1001\u1032\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u101b\u103d\u103e\u1031\u1037\u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101e\u1019\u102c\u1038 \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1006\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104f \u1005\u102e\u1038\u1015\u103d\u102c\u1038\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1016\u103d\u1036\u1037\u1016\u103c\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1010\u1000\u103a\u1005\u1031\u101b\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1021\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1021\u1001\u1014\u103a\u1038 \u1000\u100f\u1039\u100d\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102b\u101d\u1004\u103a\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u101b\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1021\u102c\u101b\u103e\u104c\u1011\u1004\u103a\u101b\u103e\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1004\u1036 \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104f\u1021\u1005\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101b\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u101b\u103d\u103e\u1031\u1037\u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101e\u1019\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1019\u1030\u101d\u102b\u1012 \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u101b\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u101a\u102c\u101a\u102e \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1005\u1009\u103a\u1021\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u102c\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a \u101b\u1031\u1038\u1006\u103d\u1032\u1000\u103c\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n<p>\u101a\u102c\u101a\u102e\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1010\u102c \u1018\u101a\u103a\u101c\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1000\u103c\u102c\u1000\u103c\u102c\u101c\u1032\u104b \u101b\u103d\u103e\u1031\u1037\u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101e\u1019\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u104e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1001\u103b\u1014\u1031\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a \u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1014\u1031\u101b\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u101e\u1030\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1005\u1009\u103a\u1021\u1019\u103c\u1032\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1015\u101e\u1030\u1005\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1019\u100a\u103a\u1019\u103b\u103e\u1000\u103c\u102c \u1021\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1006\u1036\u1000\u103c \u1019\u100a\u103a\u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u104b<\/p>\n<p>\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1019\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1010\u102f\u1036\u1037\u1015\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1016\u103c\u1031\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1024\u1005\u102c\u1010\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1006\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1004\u1036 \u1011\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1002\u103b\u1015\u1014\u103a \u101b\u103e\u102d\u101b\u103d\u103e\u1031\u1037\u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101e\u1019\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1019\u1030\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1004\u1036 \u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1000\u1019\u1039\u1018\u1031\u102c\u1012\u102e\u1038\u101a\u102c\u1038 \u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1004\u1036\u101b\u103e\u102d \u1015\u103c\u100a\u103a \u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1015\u103c\u1014\u103a\u101b\u103d\u103e\u1031\u1037\u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101e\u1019\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a \u101c\u1030\u1019\u103e\u102f\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u102c\u1016\u101a\u103a\u1000\u103b\u1009\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104f \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a\u1005\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u101e\u1000\u103a\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101b\u103e\u102c\u1016\u103d\u1031\u101c\u1031\u1037\u101c\u102c\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u101b\u103d\u103e\u1031\u1037\u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101e\u1019\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u104e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u104f\u1019\u102d\u101e\u102c\u1038\u1005\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u101c\u1030\u1019\u103e\u102f\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1015\u102b\u101d\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1015\u102d\u102f\u1019\u102d\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102c\u1038\u101c\u102c\u101b\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1021\u1005\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101b\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1001\u103b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1005\u102e \u1000\u102d\u102f\u101b\u100a\u103a\u100a\u103d\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1019\u1030\u101d\u102b\u1012\u1021\u1000\u103c\u1036\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1010\u1005\u103a\u101b\u1015\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u1036\u1037\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u101b\u1014\u103a\u1021 \u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038\u101b\u100a\u103a\u100a\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n<p>\u1024\u1005\u102c\u1010\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1010\u102d\u102f\u101a\u102d\u102f\u1010\u102c\u1016\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1012\u1031\u1038\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103e \u1011\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1015\u1036\u1037\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1005\u102e\u1019\u1036\u1000\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038 \u1021\u1019\u100a\u103a\u101b\u103e\u102d \u201c Beyond \u2018Tolerance\u2019: Working Hand-in-Hand to Promote the Social Inclusion of Migrant and Their Families\u201d \u104f \u1021\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u1001\u102f\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1024\u1005\u102c\u1010\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1042\u1040\u1041\u1046\u1001\u102f\u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a \u1019\u1010\u103a\u101c \u1019\u103e \u1007\u1030\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101c \u1021\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u101c\u102f\u103a\u1015\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a \u101c\u1031\u1038\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1004\u1036 \u1000\u1019\u1039\u1018\u1031\u102c\u1012\u102e\u1038\u101a\u102c\u1038\u104a \u1011\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104a \u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u102c \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1002\u103b\u1015\u1014\u103a \u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1004\u1036\u1021\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u101c\u1031\u1037\u101c\u102c\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1001\u101b\u102e\u1038\u1005\u1009\u103a\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1021\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1021\u101d\u1031\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1010\u103d\u1031\u1037\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1019\u1031\u1038\u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1019\u103e\u101b\u101b\u103e\u102d\u101c\u102c\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a \u1021\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1021\u101c\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1001\u1036 \u1011\u102c\u1038\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n<p>\u1024\u1005\u102c\u1010\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101c\u1032\u101b\u1014\u103a\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a \u1021\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u101b\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u102d\u102f\u1019\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103b\u101a\u103a\u1015\u103c\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1005\u103d\u102c\u1006\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1014\u103d\u1031\u1038\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1021\u1011\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1021\u1000\u1030\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1019\u100a\u103a\u101f\u102f\u101a\u102f\u1036\u1000\u103c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u103e\u101e\u102c\u101c\u103b\u103e\u1004\u103a \u1000\u103b\u103d\u1014\u103a\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a \u201c\u1004\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u101a\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u201d \u1000\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103b\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101c\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u101b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1014\u103e\u102e\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1016\u103d\u1031\u1037\u1016\u1000\u103a\u1000\u102c \u101b\u103d\u103e\u1031\u1037\u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101e\u1019\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u102c\u1038 \u101c\u1030\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1021\u101e\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u101d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1011\u1032\u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1015\u102b\u101d\u1004\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1021\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a \u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1019\u100a\u103a\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/p>\n<div class=\"_3_bl\">\n<div class=\"_5w1r _3_om _5wdf\">\n<div class=\"_4gx_\">\n<div class=\"_1aa6\">\n<div class=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/Book-Permanently-burmese-mmn.pdf\"><span class=\"_5yl5\">\u1011\u102f\u1010\u103a\u101d\u1031\u1005\u102c\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1012\u1031\u102b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101c\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1006\u103d\u1032\u101a\u1030\u101b\u1014\u103a\u1014\u103e\u102d\u1015\u102b<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Scroll down for Burmese (\u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1018\u102c\u101e\u102c\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1021\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1006\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u102b) Migrant workers make a significant contribution to the socio-economic development of the Mekong Subregion and beyond. However, despite the crucial role migrants play in the functioning of the economy, governments of popular destination countries in Asia appear content to formulate policies based on the notion that migration is a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":622,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"off","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[118,121,122,108,168,162,128],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11770","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-burmese-publications","category-english-publications","category-khmer-publications","category-publications","category-social-inclusion","category-social-protection-publications-by-theme","category-social-protection","entry","has-media"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Permanently Temporary: Examining the Impact of Social Exclusion on Mekong Migrants (2015) &#060; Mekong Migration Network<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/?p=11770\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Permanently Temporary: Examining the Impact of Social Exclusion on Mekong Migrants (2015) &#060; Mekong Migration Network\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Scroll down for Burmese (\u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1018\u102c\u101e\u102c\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1021\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1006\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u102b) Migrant workers make a significant contribution to the socio-economic development of the Mekong Subregion and beyond. However, despite the crucial role migrants play in the functioning of the economy, governments of popular destination countries in Asia appear content to formulate policies based on the notion that migration is a [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/?p=11770\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Mekong Migration Network\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-03-15T08:38:02+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-12-11T04:34:16+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Permanently-Temporary-Eng-mmn-printed-version.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1239\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1753\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/?p=11770#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/?p=11770\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"admin\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/#\/schema\/person\/0cefdcf03772f1364a65e553a6dcc810\"},\"headline\":\"Permanently Temporary: Examining the Impact of Social Exclusion on Mekong Migrants (2015)\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-03-15T08:38:02+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-12-11T04:34:16+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/?p=11770\"},\"wordCount\":215,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/?p=11770#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Permanently-Temporary-Eng-mmn-printed-version.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Burmese Publications\",\"English Publications\",\"Khmer Publications\",\"Publications\",\"Social Inclusion\",\"Social Protection\",\"Social Protection\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/?p=11770\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/?p=11770\",\"name\":\"Permanently Temporary: Examining the Impact of Social Exclusion on Mekong Migrants (2015) &#060; Mekong Migration Network\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/?p=11770#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/?p=11770#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Permanently-Temporary-Eng-mmn-printed-version.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-03-15T08:38:02+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-12-11T04:34:16+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/?p=11770#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/?p=11770\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/?p=11770#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Permanently-Temporary-Eng-mmn-printed-version.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Permanently-Temporary-Eng-mmn-printed-version.jpg\",\"width\":1239,\"height\":1753},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/?p=11770#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Permanently Temporary: Examining the Impact of Social Exclusion on Mekong Migrants (2015)\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/\",\"name\":\"Mekong Migration Network\",\"description\":\"Recognize, Respect and Promote the Human Rights of All Migrants in Mekong\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Mekong Migration Network\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/cropped-LogoMakr_5b8bO5-3.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/cropped-LogoMakr_5b8bO5-3.png\",\"width\":600,\"height\":101,\"caption\":\"Mekong Migration Network\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/#\/schema\/person\/0cefdcf03772f1364a65e553a6dcc810\",\"name\":\"admin\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/7a2fdb28113a470f31d6200a30f9e8c1?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/7a2fdb28113a470f31d6200a30f9e8c1?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"admin\"},\"url\":\"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/?author=1\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Permanently Temporary: Examining the Impact of Social Exclusion on Mekong Migrants (2015) &#060; Mekong Migration Network","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/?p=11770","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Permanently Temporary: Examining the Impact of Social Exclusion on Mekong Migrants (2015) &#060; Mekong Migration Network","og_description":"Scroll down for Burmese (\u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1018\u102c\u101e\u102c\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1021\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1006\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u102b) Migrant workers make a significant contribution to the socio-economic development of the Mekong Subregion and beyond. However, despite the crucial role migrants play in the functioning of the economy, governments of popular destination countries in Asia appear content to formulate policies based on the notion that migration is a [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/?p=11770","og_site_name":"Mekong Migration Network","article_published_time":"2019-03-15T08:38:02+00:00","article_modified_time":"2023-12-11T04:34:16+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1239,"height":1753,"url":"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Permanently-Temporary-Eng-mmn-printed-version.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"admin","Est. reading time":"1 minute"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/?p=11770#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/?p=11770"},"author":{"name":"admin","@id":"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/#\/schema\/person\/0cefdcf03772f1364a65e553a6dcc810"},"headline":"Permanently Temporary: Examining the Impact of Social Exclusion on Mekong Migrants (2015)","datePublished":"2019-03-15T08:38:02+00:00","dateModified":"2023-12-11T04:34:16+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/?p=11770"},"wordCount":215,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/?p=11770#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Permanently-Temporary-Eng-mmn-printed-version.jpg","articleSection":["Burmese Publications","English Publications","Khmer Publications","Publications","Social Inclusion","Social Protection","Social Protection"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/?p=11770","url":"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/?p=11770","name":"Permanently Temporary: Examining the Impact of Social Exclusion on Mekong Migrants (2015) &#060; Mekong Migration Network","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/?p=11770#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/?p=11770#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Permanently-Temporary-Eng-mmn-printed-version.jpg","datePublished":"2019-03-15T08:38:02+00:00","dateModified":"2023-12-11T04:34:16+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/?p=11770#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/?p=11770"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/?p=11770#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Permanently-Temporary-Eng-mmn-printed-version.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Permanently-Temporary-Eng-mmn-printed-version.jpg","width":1239,"height":1753},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/?p=11770#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Permanently Temporary: Examining the Impact of Social Exclusion on Mekong Migrants (2015)"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/#website","url":"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/","name":"Mekong Migration Network","description":"Recognize, Respect and Promote the Human Rights of All Migrants in Mekong","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/#organization","name":"Mekong Migration Network","url":"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/cropped-LogoMakr_5b8bO5-3.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/cropped-LogoMakr_5b8bO5-3.png","width":600,"height":101,"caption":"Mekong Migration Network"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/#\/schema\/person\/0cefdcf03772f1364a65e553a6dcc810","name":"admin","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/7a2fdb28113a470f31d6200a30f9e8c1?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/7a2fdb28113a470f31d6200a30f9e8c1?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"admin"},"url":"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/?author=1"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11770"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=11770"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11770\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":22459,"href":"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11770\/revisions\/22459"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/622"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=11770"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=11770"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mekongmigration.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=11770"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}